CovidFranceV1, Main, Exploration, bibRecord, 000619

Severe and fatal forms of COVID-19 in children.

Identifieur interne : 000619 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 000618; suivant : 000620

Severe and fatal forms of COVID-19 in children.

Auteurs : M. Oualha [France] ; M. Bendavid [France] ; L. Berteloot [France] ; A. Corsia [France] ; F. Lesage [France] ; M. Vedrenne [France] ; E. Salvador [France] ; M. Grimaud [France] ; J. Chareyre [France] ; C. De Marcellus [France] ; L. Dupic [France] ; L. De Saint Blanquat [France] ; C. Heilbronner [France] ; D. Drummond [France] ; M. Castelle [France] ; R. Berthaud [France] ; F. Angoulvant [France] ; J. Toubiana [France] ; Y. Pinhas [France] ; P. Frange [France] ; G. Chéron [France] ; J. Fourgeaud [France] ; F. Moulin [France] ; S. Renolleau [France]

Source :

Archives de pediatrie : organe officiel de la Societe francaise de pediatrie [ 1769-664X ] ; 2020.

RBID : pubmed:32518045

Descripteurs français

KwdFr :
- Adolescent (MeSH), Betacoronavirus (isolement et purification), Comorbidité (MeSH), Enfant (MeSH), Enfant d'âge préscolaire (MeSH), Facteurs de risque (MeSH), Femelle (MeSH), Humains (MeSH), Indice de gravité de la maladie (MeSH), Infections à coronavirus (diagnostic), Infections à coronavirus (mortalité), Infections à coronavirus (thérapie), Infections à coronavirus (épidémiologie), Mâle (MeSH), Nourrisson (MeSH), Pandémies (MeSH), Paris (épidémiologie), Pneumopathie virale (diagnostic), Pneumopathie virale (mortalité), Pneumopathie virale (thérapie), Pneumopathie virale (épidémiologie), Pronostic (MeSH), Techniques de laboratoire clinique (MeSH), Études rétrospectives (MeSH), Évolution de la maladie (MeSH).
MESH :
- diagnostic : Infections à coronavirus, Pneumopathie virale.
- isolement et purification : Betacoronavirus.
- mortalité : Infections à coronavirus, Pneumopathie virale.
- thérapie : Infections à coronavirus, Pneumopathie virale.
- épidémiologie : Infections à coronavirus, Paris, Pneumopathie virale.
- Adolescent, Comorbidité, Enfant, Enfant d'âge préscolaire, Facteurs de risque, Femelle, Humains, Indice de gravité de la maladie, Mâle, Nourrisson, Pandémies, Pronostic, Techniques de laboratoire clinique, Études rétrospectives, Évolution de la maladie.

English descriptors

KwdEn :
- Adolescent (MeSH), Betacoronavirus (isolation & purification), Child (MeSH), Child, Preschool (MeSH), Clinical Laboratory Techniques (MeSH), Comorbidity (MeSH), Coronavirus Infections (diagnosis), Coronavirus Infections (epidemiology), Coronavirus Infections (mortality), Coronavirus Infections (therapy), Disease Progression (MeSH), Female (MeSH), Humans (MeSH), Infant (MeSH), Male (MeSH), Pandemics (MeSH), Paris (epidemiology), Pneumonia, Viral (diagnosis), Pneumonia, Viral (epidemiology), Pneumonia, Viral (mortality), Pneumonia, Viral (therapy), Prognosis (MeSH), Retrospective Studies (MeSH), Risk Factors (MeSH), Severity of Illness Index (MeSH).
MESH :
- geographic , epidemiology : Paris.
- diagnosis : Coronavirus Infections, Pneumonia, Viral.
- epidemiology : Coronavirus Infections, Pneumonia, Viral.
- isolation & purification : Betacoronavirus.
- mortality : Coronavirus Infections, Pneumonia, Viral.
- therapy : Coronavirus Infections, Pneumonia, Viral.
- Adolescent, Child, Child, Preschool, Clinical Laboratory Techniques, Comorbidity, Disease Progression, Female, Humans, Infant, Male, Pandemics, Prognosis, Retrospective Studies, Risk Factors, Severity of Illness Index.

Abstract

OBJECTIVES

The aim of this study was to describe severe forms of novel coronavirus disease 2019 in children, including patient characteristics, clinical, laboratory, and imaging findings, as well as the disease management and outcomes.

METHODS

This was a retrospective, single-center, observational study conducted in a pediatric intensive and high-dependency care unit (PICU, HDU) in an urban hospital in Paris. All patients, aged from 1 month to 18 years, admitted for confirmed or highly suspected SARS-CoV-2 were included.

RESULTS

We analyzed the data of 27 children. Comorbidities (n=19, 70%) were mainly neurological (n=7), respiratory, (n=4), or sickle cell disease (n=4). SARS-CoV-2 PCR results were positive in 24 children (nasopharyngeal swabs). The three remaining children had a chest CT scan consistent with COVID-19. Respiratory involvement was observed in 24 patients (89%). Supportive treatments were invasive mechanical ventilation (n=9), catecholamine (n=4), erythropheresis (n=4), renal replacement therapy (n=1), and extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (n=1). Five children died, of whom three were without past medical history.

CONCLUSION

This study highlighted the large spectrum of clinical presentation and time course of disease progression as well as the non-negligible occurrence of pediatric life-threatening and fatal cases of COVID-19 mostly in patients with comorbidities. Additional laboratory investigations are needed to further analyze the mechanism underlying the variability of SARS-Cov-2 pathogenicity in children.

DOI: 10.1016/j.arcped.2020.05.010
PubMed: 32518045
PubMed Central: PMC7269941

Affiliations:

Links toward previous steps (curation, corpus...)

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Le document en format XML

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<author><name sortKey="Salvador, E" sort="Salvador, E" uniqKey="Salvador E" first="E" last="Salvador">E. Salvador</name>
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<author><name sortKey="Grimaud, M" sort="Grimaud, M" uniqKey="Grimaud M" first="M" last="Grimaud">M. Grimaud</name>
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<author><name sortKey="Chareyre, J" sort="Chareyre, J" uniqKey="Chareyre J" first="J" last="Chareyre">J. Chareyre</name>
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<author><name sortKey="De Marcellus, C" sort="De Marcellus, C" uniqKey="De Marcellus C" first="C" last="De Marcellus">C. De Marcellus</name>
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<author><name sortKey="Dupic, L" sort="Dupic, L" uniqKey="Dupic L" first="L" last="Dupic">L. Dupic</name>
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<author><name sortKey="De Saint Blanquat, L" sort="De Saint Blanquat, L" uniqKey="De Saint Blanquat L" first="L" last="De Saint Blanquat">L. De Saint Blanquat</name>
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<author><name sortKey="Heilbronner, C" sort="Heilbronner, C" uniqKey="Heilbronner C" first="C" last="Heilbronner">C. Heilbronner</name>
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<author><name sortKey="Drummond, D" sort="Drummond, D" uniqKey="Drummond D" first="D" last="Drummond">D. Drummond</name>
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<country xml:lang="fr">France</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of pediatric pneumology and allergology, Necker-Enfants-Malades University Hospital, APHP, Centre-Université de Paris, Paris, France; INSERM UMR 1138, Université de Paris, Paris</wicri:regionArea>
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<author><name sortKey="Castelle, M" sort="Castelle, M" uniqKey="Castelle M" first="M" last="Castelle">M. Castelle</name>
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<author><name sortKey="Berthaud, R" sort="Berthaud, R" uniqKey="Berthaud R" first="R" last="Berthaud">R. Berthaud</name>
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<country xml:lang="fr">France</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Necker-Enfants Malades University Hospital, APHP, Centre-Université de Paris, Paris</wicri:regionArea>
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<author><name sortKey="Angoulvant, F" sort="Angoulvant, F" uniqKey="Angoulvant F" first="F" last="Angoulvant">F. Angoulvant</name>
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<author><name sortKey="Toubiana, J" sort="Toubiana, J" uniqKey="Toubiana J" first="J" last="Toubiana">J. Toubiana</name>
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<country xml:lang="fr">France</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of General Paediatrics and Paediatric Infectious Diseases, Necker-Enfants-Malades University Hospital, APHP, Centre-Université de Paris, Paris</wicri:regionArea>
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<author><name sortKey="Pinhas, Y" sort="Pinhas, Y" uniqKey="Pinhas Y" first="Y" last="Pinhas">Y. Pinhas</name>
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<country xml:lang="fr">France</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of General Paediatrics and Paediatric Infectious Diseases, Necker-Enfants-Malades University Hospital, APHP, Centre-Université de Paris, Paris</wicri:regionArea>
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<author><name sortKey="Frange, P" sort="Frange, P" uniqKey="Frange P" first="P" last="Frange">P. Frange</name>
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<country xml:lang="fr">France</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Clinical microbiology laboratory, Necker-Enfants-Malades University Hospital, APHP, Centre-Université de Paris, Paris, France; EHU 7328 PACT, Imagine institute, Université de Paris, Paris</wicri:regionArea>
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<author><name sortKey="Cheron, G" sort="Cheron, G" uniqKey="Cheron G" first="G" last="Chéron">G. Chéron</name>
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<author><name sortKey="Fourgeaud, J" sort="Fourgeaud, J" uniqKey="Fourgeaud J" first="J" last="Fourgeaud">J. Fourgeaud</name>
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<country xml:lang="fr">France</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Virology laboratory, Necker-Enfants-Malades University Hospital, APHP, Centre-Université de Paris, EHU 7328 PACT, Imagine Institute, University of Paris, Paris</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="region">Île-de-France</region>
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<author><name sortKey="Moulin, F" sort="Moulin, F" uniqKey="Moulin F" first="F" last="Moulin">F. Moulin</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Necker-Enfants-Malades University Hospital, APHP, Centre-Université de Paris, Paris, France.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">France</country>
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<author><name sortKey="Renolleau, S" sort="Renolleau, S" uniqKey="Renolleau S" first="S" last="Renolleau">S. Renolleau</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Necker-Enfants-Malades University Hospital, APHP, Centre-Université de Paris, Paris, France.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">France</country>
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<author><name sortKey="Oualha, M" sort="Oualha, M" uniqKey="Oualha M" first="M" last="Oualha">M. Oualha</name>
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</author>
<author><name sortKey="Bendavid, M" sort="Bendavid, M" uniqKey="Bendavid M" first="M" last="Bendavid">M. Bendavid</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Necker-Enfants-Malades University Hospital, APHP, Centre-Université de Paris, Paris, France.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">France</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Necker-Enfants-Malades University Hospital, APHP, Centre-Université de Paris, Paris</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="region">Île-de-France</region>
<region type="old region">Île-de-France</region>
<settlement type="city">Paris</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Berteloot, L" sort="Berteloot, L" uniqKey="Berteloot L" first="L" last="Berteloot">L. Berteloot</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Pediatric Radiology Department, Necker-Enfants-Malades University Hospital, APHP, Centre-Université de Paris, Paris, France; INSERM U1163, Université Paris Descartes-Sorbonne Paris Cité, Institut Imagine, France.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">France</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Pediatric Radiology Department, Necker-Enfants-Malades University Hospital, APHP, Centre-Université de Paris, Paris, France; INSERM U1163, Université Paris Descartes-Sorbonne Paris Cité, Institut Imagine</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Institut Imagine</wicri:noRegion>
<wicri:noRegion>Institut Imagine</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Corsia, A" sort="Corsia, A" uniqKey="Corsia A" first="A" last="Corsia">A. Corsia</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Necker-Enfants-Malades University Hospital, APHP, Centre-Université de Paris, Paris, France.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">France</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Necker-Enfants-Malades University Hospital, APHP, Centre-Université de Paris, Paris</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="region">Île-de-France</region>
<region type="old region">Île-de-France</region>
<settlement type="city">Paris</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Lesage, F" sort="Lesage, F" uniqKey="Lesage F" first="F" last="Lesage">F. Lesage</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Necker-Enfants-Malades University Hospital, APHP, Centre-Université de Paris, Paris, France.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">France</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Necker-Enfants-Malades University Hospital, APHP, Centre-Université de Paris, Paris</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="region">Île-de-France</region>
<region type="old region">Île-de-France</region>
<settlement type="city">Paris</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Vedrenne, M" sort="Vedrenne, M" uniqKey="Vedrenne M" first="M" last="Vedrenne">M. Vedrenne</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Necker-Enfants-Malades University Hospital, APHP, Centre-Université de Paris, Paris, France.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">France</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Necker-Enfants-Malades University Hospital, APHP, Centre-Université de Paris, Paris</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="region">Île-de-France</region>
<region type="old region">Île-de-France</region>
<settlement type="city">Paris</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Salvador, E" sort="Salvador, E" uniqKey="Salvador E" first="E" last="Salvador">E. Salvador</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Necker-Enfants-Malades University Hospital, APHP, Centre-Université de Paris, Paris, France.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">France</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Necker-Enfants-Malades University Hospital, APHP, Centre-Université de Paris, Paris</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="region">Île-de-France</region>
<region type="old region">Île-de-France</region>
<settlement type="city">Paris</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Grimaud, M" sort="Grimaud, M" uniqKey="Grimaud M" first="M" last="Grimaud">M. Grimaud</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Necker-Enfants-Malades University Hospital, APHP, Centre-Université de Paris, Paris, France.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">France</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Necker-Enfants-Malades University Hospital, APHP, Centre-Université de Paris, Paris</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="region">Île-de-France</region>
<region type="old region">Île-de-France</region>
<settlement type="city">Paris</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Chareyre, J" sort="Chareyre, J" uniqKey="Chareyre J" first="J" last="Chareyre">J. Chareyre</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Necker-Enfants-Malades University Hospital, APHP, Centre-Université de Paris, Paris, France.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">France</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Necker-Enfants-Malades University Hospital, APHP, Centre-Université de Paris, Paris</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="region">Île-de-France</region>
<region type="old region">Île-de-France</region>
<settlement type="city">Paris</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="De Marcellus, C" sort="De Marcellus, C" uniqKey="De Marcellus C" first="C" last="De Marcellus">C. De Marcellus</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Necker-Enfants-Malades University Hospital, APHP, Centre-Université de Paris, Paris, France.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">France</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Necker-Enfants-Malades University Hospital, APHP, Centre-Université de Paris, Paris</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="region">Île-de-France</region>
<region type="old region">Île-de-France</region>
<settlement type="city">Paris</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Dupic, L" sort="Dupic, L" uniqKey="Dupic L" first="L" last="Dupic">L. Dupic</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Necker-Enfants-Malades University Hospital, APHP, Centre-Université de Paris, Paris, France.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">France</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Necker-Enfants-Malades University Hospital, APHP, Centre-Université de Paris, Paris</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="region">Île-de-France</region>
<region type="old region">Île-de-France</region>
<settlement type="city">Paris</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="De Saint Blanquat, L" sort="De Saint Blanquat, L" uniqKey="De Saint Blanquat L" first="L" last="De Saint Blanquat">L. De Saint Blanquat</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Necker-Enfants-Malades University Hospital, APHP, Centre-Université de Paris, Paris, France.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">France</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Necker-Enfants-Malades University Hospital, APHP, Centre-Université de Paris, Paris</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="region">Île-de-France</region>
<region type="old region">Île-de-France</region>
<settlement type="city">Paris</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Heilbronner, C" sort="Heilbronner, C" uniqKey="Heilbronner C" first="C" last="Heilbronner">C. Heilbronner</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Necker-Enfants-Malades University Hospital, APHP, Centre-Université de Paris, Paris, France.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">France</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Necker-Enfants-Malades University Hospital, APHP, Centre-Université de Paris, Paris</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="region">Île-de-France</region>
<region type="old region">Île-de-France</region>
<settlement type="city">Paris</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Drummond, D" sort="Drummond, D" uniqKey="Drummond D" first="D" last="Drummond">D. Drummond</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Department of pediatric pneumology and allergology, Necker-Enfants-Malades University Hospital, APHP, Centre-Université de Paris, Paris, France; INSERM UMR 1138, Université de Paris, Paris, France.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">France</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of pediatric pneumology and allergology, Necker-Enfants-Malades University Hospital, APHP, Centre-Université de Paris, Paris, France; INSERM UMR 1138, Université de Paris, Paris</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="region">Île-de-France</region>
<region type="old region">Île-de-France</region>
<settlement type="city">Paris</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Castelle, M" sort="Castelle, M" uniqKey="Castelle M" first="M" last="Castelle">M. Castelle</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Department of pediatric Immuno-hematology and rhumatology, Necker-Enfants Malades University Hospital, APHP, Centre-Université de Paris, Paris, France.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">France</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of pediatric Immuno-hematology and rhumatology, Necker-Enfants Malades University Hospital, APHP, Centre-Université de Paris, Paris</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="region">Île-de-France</region>
<region type="old region">Île-de-France</region>
<settlement type="city">Paris</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Berthaud, R" sort="Berthaud, R" uniqKey="Berthaud R" first="R" last="Berthaud">R. Berthaud</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Necker-Enfants Malades University Hospital, APHP, Centre-Université de Paris, Paris, France.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">France</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Necker-Enfants Malades University Hospital, APHP, Centre-Université de Paris, Paris</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="region">Île-de-France</region>
<region type="old region">Île-de-France</region>
<settlement type="city">Paris</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Angoulvant, F" sort="Angoulvant, F" uniqKey="Angoulvant F" first="F" last="Angoulvant">F. Angoulvant</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Pediatric Emergency Department, Necker-Enfants-Malades University Hospital, APHP, Centre-Université de Paris, Paris, France; INSERM, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, UMRS 1138, Université de Paris, Paris, France.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">France</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Pediatric Emergency Department, Necker-Enfants-Malades University Hospital, APHP, Centre-Université de Paris, Paris, France; INSERM, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, UMRS 1138, Université de Paris, Paris</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="region">Île-de-France</region>
<region type="old region">Île-de-France</region>
<settlement type="city">Paris</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Toubiana, J" sort="Toubiana, J" uniqKey="Toubiana J" first="J" last="Toubiana">J. Toubiana</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Department of General Paediatrics and Paediatric Infectious Diseases, Necker-Enfants-Malades University Hospital, APHP, Centre-Université de Paris, Paris, France.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">France</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of General Paediatrics and Paediatric Infectious Diseases, Necker-Enfants-Malades University Hospital, APHP, Centre-Université de Paris, Paris</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="region">Île-de-France</region>
<region type="old region">Île-de-France</region>
<settlement type="city">Paris</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Pinhas, Y" sort="Pinhas, Y" uniqKey="Pinhas Y" first="Y" last="Pinhas">Y. Pinhas</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Department of General Paediatrics and Paediatric Infectious Diseases, Necker-Enfants-Malades University Hospital, APHP, Centre-Université de Paris, Paris, France.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">France</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of General Paediatrics and Paediatric Infectious Diseases, Necker-Enfants-Malades University Hospital, APHP, Centre-Université de Paris, Paris</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="region">Île-de-France</region>
<region type="old region">Île-de-France</region>
<settlement type="city">Paris</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Frange, P" sort="Frange, P" uniqKey="Frange P" first="P" last="Frange">P. Frange</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Clinical microbiology laboratory, Necker-Enfants-Malades University Hospital, APHP, Centre-Université de Paris, Paris, France; EHU 7328 PACT, Imagine institute, Université de Paris, Paris, France.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">France</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Clinical microbiology laboratory, Necker-Enfants-Malades University Hospital, APHP, Centre-Université de Paris, Paris, France; EHU 7328 PACT, Imagine institute, Université de Paris, Paris</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="region">Île-de-France</region>
<region type="old region">Île-de-France</region>
<settlement type="city">Paris</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Cheron, G" sort="Cheron, G" uniqKey="Cheron G" first="G" last="Chéron">G. Chéron</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Pediatric Emergency Department, Necker-Enfants-Malades University Hospital, APHP, Centre-Université de Paris, Paris, France.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">France</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Pediatric Emergency Department, Necker-Enfants-Malades University Hospital, APHP, Centre-Université de Paris, Paris</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="region">Île-de-France</region>
<region type="old region">Île-de-France</region>
<settlement type="city">Paris</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Fourgeaud, J" sort="Fourgeaud, J" uniqKey="Fourgeaud J" first="J" last="Fourgeaud">J. Fourgeaud</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Virology laboratory, Necker-Enfants-Malades University Hospital, APHP, Centre-Université de Paris, EHU 7328 PACT, Imagine Institute, University of Paris, Paris, France.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">France</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Virology laboratory, Necker-Enfants-Malades University Hospital, APHP, Centre-Université de Paris, EHU 7328 PACT, Imagine Institute, University of Paris, Paris</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="region">Île-de-France</region>
<region type="old region">Île-de-France</region>
<settlement type="city">Paris</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Moulin, F" sort="Moulin, F" uniqKey="Moulin F" first="F" last="Moulin">F. Moulin</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Necker-Enfants-Malades University Hospital, APHP, Centre-Université de Paris, Paris, France.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">France</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Necker-Enfants-Malades University Hospital, APHP, Centre-Université de Paris, Paris</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="region">Île-de-France</region>
<region type="old region">Île-de-France</region>
<settlement type="city">Paris</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Renolleau, S" sort="Renolleau, S" uniqKey="Renolleau S" first="S" last="Renolleau">S. Renolleau</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Necker-Enfants-Malades University Hospital, APHP, Centre-Université de Paris, Paris, France.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">France</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Necker-Enfants-Malades University Hospital, APHP, Centre-Université de Paris, Paris</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="region">Île-de-France</region>
<region type="old region">Île-de-France</region>
<settlement type="city">Paris</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
</analytic>
<series><title level="j">Archives de pediatrie : organe officiel de la Societe francaise de pediatrie</title>
<idno type="eISSN">1769-664X</idno>
<imprint><date when="2020" type="published">2020</date>
</imprint>
</series>
</biblStruct>
</sourceDesc>
</fileDesc>
<profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>Adolescent (MeSH)</term>
<term>Betacoronavirus (isolation & purification)</term>
<term>Child (MeSH)</term>
<term>Child, Preschool (MeSH)</term>
<term>Clinical Laboratory Techniques (MeSH)</term>
<term>Comorbidity (MeSH)</term>
<term>Coronavirus Infections (diagnosis)</term>
<term>Coronavirus Infections (epidemiology)</term>
<term>Coronavirus Infections (mortality)</term>
<term>Coronavirus Infections (therapy)</term>
<term>Disease Progression (MeSH)</term>
<term>Female (MeSH)</term>
<term>Humans (MeSH)</term>
<term>Infant (MeSH)</term>
<term>Male (MeSH)</term>
<term>Pandemics (MeSH)</term>
<term>Paris (epidemiology)</term>
<term>Pneumonia, Viral (diagnosis)</term>
<term>Pneumonia, Viral (epidemiology)</term>
<term>Pneumonia, Viral (mortality)</term>
<term>Pneumonia, Viral (therapy)</term>
<term>Prognosis (MeSH)</term>
<term>Retrospective Studies (MeSH)</term>
<term>Risk Factors (MeSH)</term>
<term>Severity of Illness Index (MeSH)</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="KwdFr" xml:lang="fr"><term>Adolescent (MeSH)</term>
<term>Betacoronavirus (isolement et purification)</term>
<term>Comorbidité (MeSH)</term>
<term>Enfant (MeSH)</term>
<term>Enfant d'âge préscolaire (MeSH)</term>
<term>Facteurs de risque (MeSH)</term>
<term>Femelle (MeSH)</term>
<term>Humains (MeSH)</term>
<term>Indice de gravité de la maladie (MeSH)</term>
<term>Infections à coronavirus (diagnostic)</term>
<term>Infections à coronavirus (mortalité)</term>
<term>Infections à coronavirus (thérapie)</term>
<term>Infections à coronavirus (épidémiologie)</term>
<term>Mâle (MeSH)</term>
<term>Nourrisson (MeSH)</term>
<term>Pandémies (MeSH)</term>
<term>Paris (épidémiologie)</term>
<term>Pneumopathie virale (diagnostic)</term>
<term>Pneumopathie virale (mortalité)</term>
<term>Pneumopathie virale (thérapie)</term>
<term>Pneumopathie virale (épidémiologie)</term>
<term>Pronostic (MeSH)</term>
<term>Techniques de laboratoire clinique (MeSH)</term>
<term>Études rétrospectives (MeSH)</term>
<term>Évolution de la maladie (MeSH)</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" type="geographic" qualifier="epidemiology" xml:lang="en"><term>Paris</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="diagnosis" xml:lang="en"><term>Coronavirus Infections</term>
<term>Pneumonia, Viral</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="diagnostic" xml:lang="fr"><term>Infections à coronavirus</term>
<term>Pneumopathie virale</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="epidemiology" xml:lang="en"><term>Coronavirus Infections</term>
<term>Pneumonia, Viral</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="isolation & purification" xml:lang="en"><term>Betacoronavirus</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="isolement et purification" xml:lang="fr"><term>Betacoronavirus</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="mortality" xml:lang="en"><term>Coronavirus Infections</term>
<term>Pneumonia, Viral</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="mortalité" xml:lang="fr"><term>Infections à coronavirus</term>
<term>Pneumopathie virale</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="therapy" xml:lang="en"><term>Coronavirus Infections</term>
<term>Pneumonia, Viral</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="thérapie" xml:lang="fr"><term>Infections à coronavirus</term>
<term>Pneumopathie virale</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="épidémiologie" xml:lang="fr"><term>Infections à coronavirus</term>
<term>Paris</term>
<term>Pneumopathie virale</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="en"><term>Adolescent</term>
<term>Child</term>
<term>Child, Preschool</term>
<term>Clinical Laboratory Techniques</term>
<term>Comorbidity</term>
<term>Disease Progression</term>
<term>Female</term>
<term>Humans</term>
<term>Infant</term>
<term>Male</term>
<term>Pandemics</term>
<term>Prognosis</term>
<term>Retrospective Studies</term>
<term>Risk Factors</term>
<term>Severity of Illness Index</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="fr"><term>Adolescent</term>
<term>Comorbidité</term>
<term>Enfant</term>
<term>Enfant d'âge préscolaire</term>
<term>Facteurs de risque</term>
<term>Femelle</term>
<term>Humains</term>
<term>Indice de gravité de la maladie</term>
<term>Mâle</term>
<term>Nourrisson</term>
<term>Pandémies</term>
<term>Pronostic</term>
<term>Techniques de laboratoire clinique</term>
<term>Études rétrospectives</term>
<term>Évolution de la maladie</term>
</keywords>
</textClass>
</profileDesc>
</teiHeader>
<front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p><b>OBJECTIVES</b>
</p>
<p>The aim of this study was to describe severe forms of novel coronavirus disease 2019 in children, including patient characteristics, clinical, laboratory, and imaging findings, as well as the disease management and outcomes.</p>
</div>
<div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p><b>METHODS</b>
</p>
<p>This was a retrospective, single-center, observational study conducted in a pediatric intensive and high-dependency care unit (PICU, HDU) in an urban hospital in Paris. All patients, aged from 1 month to 18 years, admitted for confirmed or highly suspected SARS-CoV-2 were included.</p>
</div>
<div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p><b>RESULTS</b>
</p>
<p>We analyzed the data of 27 children. Comorbidities (n=19, 70%) were mainly neurological (n=7), respiratory, (n=4), or sickle cell disease (n=4). SARS-CoV-2 PCR results were positive in 24 children (nasopharyngeal swabs). The three remaining children had a chest CT scan consistent with COVID-19. Respiratory involvement was observed in 24 patients (89%). Supportive treatments were invasive mechanical ventilation (n=9), catecholamine (n=4), erythropheresis (n=4), renal replacement therapy (n=1), and extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (n=1). Five children died, of whom three were without past medical history.</p>
</div>
<div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>
</p>
<p>This study highlighted the large spectrum of clinical presentation and time course of disease progression as well as the non-negligible occurrence of pediatric life-threatening and fatal cases of COVID-19 mostly in patients with comorbidities. Additional laboratory investigations are needed to further analyze the mechanism underlying the variability of SARS-Cov-2 pathogenicity in children.</p>
</div>
</front>
</TEI>
<pubmed><MedlineCitation Status="MEDLINE" Owner="NLM"><PMID Version="1">32518045</PMID>
<DateCompleted><Year>2020</Year>
<Month>07</Month>
<Day>06</Day>
</DateCompleted>
<DateRevised><Year>2020</Year>
<Month>07</Month>
<Day>06</Day>
</DateRevised>
<Article PubModel="Print-Electronic"><Journal><ISSN IssnType="Electronic">1769-664X</ISSN>
<JournalIssue CitedMedium="Internet"><Volume>27</Volume>
<Issue>5</Issue>
<PubDate><Year>2020</Year>
<Month>Jul</Month>
</PubDate>
</JournalIssue>
<Title>Archives de pediatrie : organe officiel de la Societe francaise de pediatrie</Title>
<ISOAbbreviation>Arch Pediatr</ISOAbbreviation>
</Journal>
<ArticleTitle>Severe and fatal forms of COVID-19 in children.</ArticleTitle>
<Pagination><MedlinePgn>235-238</MedlinePgn>
</Pagination>
<ELocationID EIdType="pii" ValidYN="Y">S0929-693X(20)30117-2</ELocationID>
<ELocationID EIdType="doi" ValidYN="Y">10.1016/j.arcped.2020.05.010</ELocationID>
<Abstract><AbstractText Label="OBJECTIVES" NlmCategory="OBJECTIVE">The aim of this study was to describe severe forms of novel coronavirus disease 2019 in children, including patient characteristics, clinical, laboratory, and imaging findings, as well as the disease management and outcomes.</AbstractText>
<AbstractText Label="METHODS" NlmCategory="METHODS">This was a retrospective, single-center, observational study conducted in a pediatric intensive and high-dependency care unit (PICU, HDU) in an urban hospital in Paris. All patients, aged from 1 month to 18 years, admitted for confirmed or highly suspected SARS-CoV-2 were included.</AbstractText>
<AbstractText Label="RESULTS" NlmCategory="RESULTS">We analyzed the data of 27 children. Comorbidities (n=19, 70%) were mainly neurological (n=7), respiratory, (n=4), or sickle cell disease (n=4). SARS-CoV-2 PCR results were positive in 24 children (nasopharyngeal swabs). The three remaining children had a chest CT scan consistent with COVID-19. Respiratory involvement was observed in 24 patients (89%). Supportive treatments were invasive mechanical ventilation (n=9), catecholamine (n=4), erythropheresis (n=4), renal replacement therapy (n=1), and extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (n=1). Five children died, of whom three were without past medical history.</AbstractText>
<AbstractText Label="CONCLUSION" NlmCategory="CONCLUSIONS">This study highlighted the large spectrum of clinical presentation and time course of disease progression as well as the non-negligible occurrence of pediatric life-threatening and fatal cases of COVID-19 mostly in patients with comorbidities. Additional laboratory investigations are needed to further analyze the mechanism underlying the variability of SARS-Cov-2 pathogenicity in children.</AbstractText>
<CopyrightInformation>Copyright © 2020 French Society of Pediatrics. Published by Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.</CopyrightInformation>
</Abstract>
<AuthorList CompleteYN="Y"><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Oualha</LastName>
<ForeName>M</ForeName>
<Initials>M</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Necker-Enfants-Malades University Hospital, APHP, Centre-Université de Paris, Paris, France. Electronic address: mehdi.oualha@aphp.fr.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Bendavid</LastName>
<ForeName>M</ForeName>
<Initials>M</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Necker-Enfants-Malades University Hospital, APHP, Centre-Université de Paris, Paris, France.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Berteloot</LastName>
<ForeName>L</ForeName>
<Initials>L</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Pediatric Radiology Department, Necker-Enfants-Malades University Hospital, APHP, Centre-Université de Paris, Paris, France; INSERM U1163, Université Paris Descartes-Sorbonne Paris Cité, Institut Imagine, France.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Corsia</LastName>
<ForeName>A</ForeName>
<Initials>A</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Necker-Enfants-Malades University Hospital, APHP, Centre-Université de Paris, Paris, France.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Lesage</LastName>
<ForeName>F</ForeName>
<Initials>F</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Necker-Enfants-Malades University Hospital, APHP, Centre-Université de Paris, Paris, France.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Vedrenne</LastName>
<ForeName>M</ForeName>
<Initials>M</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Necker-Enfants-Malades University Hospital, APHP, Centre-Université de Paris, Paris, France.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Salvador</LastName>
<ForeName>E</ForeName>
<Initials>E</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Necker-Enfants-Malades University Hospital, APHP, Centre-Université de Paris, Paris, France.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Grimaud</LastName>
<ForeName>M</ForeName>
<Initials>M</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Necker-Enfants-Malades University Hospital, APHP, Centre-Université de Paris, Paris, France.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Chareyre</LastName>
<ForeName>J</ForeName>
<Initials>J</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Necker-Enfants-Malades University Hospital, APHP, Centre-Université de Paris, Paris, France.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>de Marcellus</LastName>
<ForeName>C</ForeName>
<Initials>C</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Necker-Enfants-Malades University Hospital, APHP, Centre-Université de Paris, Paris, France.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Dupic</LastName>
<ForeName>L</ForeName>
<Initials>L</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Necker-Enfants-Malades University Hospital, APHP, Centre-Université de Paris, Paris, France.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>de Saint Blanquat</LastName>
<ForeName>L</ForeName>
<Initials>L</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Necker-Enfants-Malades University Hospital, APHP, Centre-Université de Paris, Paris, France.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Heilbronner</LastName>
<ForeName>C</ForeName>
<Initials>C</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Necker-Enfants-Malades University Hospital, APHP, Centre-Université de Paris, Paris, France.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Drummond</LastName>
<ForeName>D</ForeName>
<Initials>D</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of pediatric pneumology and allergology, Necker-Enfants-Malades University Hospital, APHP, Centre-Université de Paris, Paris, France; INSERM UMR 1138, Université de Paris, Paris, France.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Castelle</LastName>
<ForeName>M</ForeName>
<Initials>M</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of pediatric Immuno-hematology and rhumatology, Necker-Enfants Malades University Hospital, APHP, Centre-Université de Paris, Paris, France.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Berthaud</LastName>
<ForeName>R</ForeName>
<Initials>R</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Necker-Enfants Malades University Hospital, APHP, Centre-Université de Paris, Paris, France.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Angoulvant</LastName>
<ForeName>F</ForeName>
<Initials>F</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Pediatric Emergency Department, Necker-Enfants-Malades University Hospital, APHP, Centre-Université de Paris, Paris, France; INSERM, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, UMRS 1138, Université de Paris, Paris, France.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Toubiana</LastName>
<ForeName>J</ForeName>
<Initials>J</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of General Paediatrics and Paediatric Infectious Diseases, Necker-Enfants-Malades University Hospital, APHP, Centre-Université de Paris, Paris, France.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Pinhas</LastName>
<ForeName>Y</ForeName>
<Initials>Y</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of General Paediatrics and Paediatric Infectious Diseases, Necker-Enfants-Malades University Hospital, APHP, Centre-Université de Paris, Paris, France.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Frange</LastName>
<ForeName>P</ForeName>
<Initials>P</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Clinical microbiology laboratory, Necker-Enfants-Malades University Hospital, APHP, Centre-Université de Paris, Paris, France; EHU 7328 PACT, Imagine institute, Université de Paris, Paris, France.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Chéron</LastName>
<ForeName>G</ForeName>
<Initials>G</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Pediatric Emergency Department, Necker-Enfants-Malades University Hospital, APHP, Centre-Université de Paris, Paris, France.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Fourgeaud</LastName>
<ForeName>J</ForeName>
<Initials>J</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Virology laboratory, Necker-Enfants-Malades University Hospital, APHP, Centre-Université de Paris, EHU 7328 PACT, Imagine Institute, University of Paris, Paris, France.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Moulin</LastName>
<ForeName>F</ForeName>
<Initials>F</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Necker-Enfants-Malades University Hospital, APHP, Centre-Université de Paris, Paris, France.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Renolleau</LastName>
<ForeName>S</ForeName>
<Initials>S</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Necker-Enfants-Malades University Hospital, APHP, Centre-Université de Paris, Paris, France.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
</AuthorList>
<Language>eng</Language>
<PublicationTypeList><PublicationType UI="D016428">Journal Article</PublicationType>
<PublicationType UI="D064888">Observational Study</PublicationType>
</PublicationTypeList>
<ArticleDate DateType="Electronic"><Year>2020</Year>
<Month>06</Month>
<Day>04</Day>
</ArticleDate>
</Article>
<MedlineJournalInfo><Country>France</Country>
<MedlineTA>Arch Pediatr</MedlineTA>
<NlmUniqueID>9421356</NlmUniqueID>
<ISSNLinking>0929-693X</ISSNLinking>
</MedlineJournalInfo>
<SupplMeshList><SupplMeshName Type="Disease" UI="C000657245">COVID-19</SupplMeshName>
<SupplMeshName Type="Protocol" UI="C000657964">COVID-19 diagnostic testing</SupplMeshName>
<SupplMeshName Type="Organism" UI="C000656484">severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2</SupplMeshName>
</SupplMeshList>
<CitationSubset>IM</CitationSubset>
<MeshHeadingList><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D000293" MajorTopicYN="N">Adolescent</DescriptorName>
</MeshHeading>
<MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D000073640" MajorTopicYN="Y">Betacoronavirus</DescriptorName>
<QualifierName UI="Q000302" MajorTopicYN="N">isolation & purification</QualifierName>
</MeshHeading>
<MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D002648" MajorTopicYN="N">Child</DescriptorName>
</MeshHeading>
<MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D002675" MajorTopicYN="N">Child, Preschool</DescriptorName>
</MeshHeading>
<MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D019411" MajorTopicYN="N">Clinical Laboratory Techniques</DescriptorName>
</MeshHeading>
<MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D015897" MajorTopicYN="N">Comorbidity</DescriptorName>
</MeshHeading>
<MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D018352" MajorTopicYN="N">Coronavirus Infections</DescriptorName>
<QualifierName UI="Q000175" MajorTopicYN="Y">diagnosis</QualifierName>
<QualifierName UI="Q000453" MajorTopicYN="N">epidemiology</QualifierName>
<QualifierName UI="Q000401" MajorTopicYN="Y">mortality</QualifierName>
<QualifierName UI="Q000628" MajorTopicYN="N">therapy</QualifierName>
</MeshHeading>
<MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D018450" MajorTopicYN="N">Disease Progression</DescriptorName>
</MeshHeading>
<MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D005260" MajorTopicYN="N">Female</DescriptorName>
</MeshHeading>
<MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D006801" MajorTopicYN="N">Humans</DescriptorName>
</MeshHeading>
<MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D007223" MajorTopicYN="N">Infant</DescriptorName>
</MeshHeading>
<MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D008297" MajorTopicYN="N">Male</DescriptorName>
</MeshHeading>
<MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D058873" MajorTopicYN="N">Pandemics</DescriptorName>
</MeshHeading>
<MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D010297" MajorTopicYN="N" Type="Geographic">Paris</DescriptorName>
<QualifierName UI="Q000453" MajorTopicYN="N">epidemiology</QualifierName>
</MeshHeading>
<MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D011024" MajorTopicYN="N">Pneumonia, Viral</DescriptorName>
<QualifierName UI="Q000175" MajorTopicYN="Y">diagnosis</QualifierName>
<QualifierName UI="Q000453" MajorTopicYN="N">epidemiology</QualifierName>
<QualifierName UI="Q000401" MajorTopicYN="Y">mortality</QualifierName>
<QualifierName UI="Q000628" MajorTopicYN="N">therapy</QualifierName>
</MeshHeading>
<MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D011379" MajorTopicYN="N">Prognosis</DescriptorName>
</MeshHeading>
<MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D012189" MajorTopicYN="N">Retrospective Studies</DescriptorName>
</MeshHeading>
<MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D012307" MajorTopicYN="N">Risk Factors</DescriptorName>
</MeshHeading>
<MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D012720" MajorTopicYN="N">Severity of Illness Index</DescriptorName>
</MeshHeading>
</MeshHeadingList>
<KeywordList Owner="NOTNLM"><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">COVID-19</Keyword>
<Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Coronavirus</Keyword>
<Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">SARS-Cov-2</Keyword>
</KeywordList>
</MedlineCitation>
<PubmedData><History><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="received"><Year>2020</Year>
<Month>05</Month>
<Day>26</Day>
</PubMedPubDate>
<PubMedPubDate PubStatus="accepted"><Year>2020</Year>
<Month>05</Month>
<Day>28</Day>
</PubMedPubDate>
<PubMedPubDate PubStatus="pubmed"><Year>2020</Year>
<Month>6</Month>
<Day>11</Day>
<Hour>6</Hour>
<Minute>0</Minute>
</PubMedPubDate>
<PubMedPubDate PubStatus="medline"><Year>2020</Year>
<Month>7</Month>
<Day>7</Day>
<Hour>6</Hour>
<Minute>0</Minute>
</PubMedPubDate>
<PubMedPubDate PubStatus="entrez"><Year>2020</Year>
<Month>6</Month>
<Day>11</Day>
<Hour>6</Hour>
<Minute>0</Minute>
</PubMedPubDate>
</History>
<PublicationStatus>ppublish</PublicationStatus>
<ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">32518045</ArticleId>
<ArticleId IdType="pii">S0929-693X(20)30117-2</ArticleId>
<ArticleId IdType="doi">10.1016/j.arcped.2020.05.010</ArticleId>
<ArticleId IdType="pmc">PMC7269941</ArticleId>
</ArticleIdList>
</PubmedData>
</pubmed>
<affiliations><list><country><li>France</li>
</country>
<region><li>Île-de-France</li>
</region>
<settlement><li>Paris</li>
</settlement>
</list>
<tree><country name="France"><region name="Île-de-France"><name sortKey="Oualha, M" sort="Oualha, M" uniqKey="Oualha M" first="M" last="Oualha">M. Oualha</name>
</region>
<name sortKey="Angoulvant, F" sort="Angoulvant, F" uniqKey="Angoulvant F" first="F" last="Angoulvant">F. Angoulvant</name>
<name sortKey="Bendavid, M" sort="Bendavid, M" uniqKey="Bendavid M" first="M" last="Bendavid">M. Bendavid</name>
<name sortKey="Berteloot, L" sort="Berteloot, L" uniqKey="Berteloot L" first="L" last="Berteloot">L. Berteloot</name>
<name sortKey="Berthaud, R" sort="Berthaud, R" uniqKey="Berthaud R" first="R" last="Berthaud">R. Berthaud</name>
<name sortKey="Castelle, M" sort="Castelle, M" uniqKey="Castelle M" first="M" last="Castelle">M. Castelle</name>
<name sortKey="Chareyre, J" sort="Chareyre, J" uniqKey="Chareyre J" first="J" last="Chareyre">J. Chareyre</name>
<name sortKey="Cheron, G" sort="Cheron, G" uniqKey="Cheron G" first="G" last="Chéron">G. Chéron</name>
<name sortKey="Corsia, A" sort="Corsia, A" uniqKey="Corsia A" first="A" last="Corsia">A. Corsia</name>
<name sortKey="De Marcellus, C" sort="De Marcellus, C" uniqKey="De Marcellus C" first="C" last="De Marcellus">C. De Marcellus</name>
<name sortKey="De Saint Blanquat, L" sort="De Saint Blanquat, L" uniqKey="De Saint Blanquat L" first="L" last="De Saint Blanquat">L. De Saint Blanquat</name>
<name sortKey="Drummond, D" sort="Drummond, D" uniqKey="Drummond D" first="D" last="Drummond">D. Drummond</name>
<name sortKey="Dupic, L" sort="Dupic, L" uniqKey="Dupic L" first="L" last="Dupic">L. Dupic</name>
<name sortKey="Fourgeaud, J" sort="Fourgeaud, J" uniqKey="Fourgeaud J" first="J" last="Fourgeaud">J. Fourgeaud</name>
<name sortKey="Frange, P" sort="Frange, P" uniqKey="Frange P" first="P" last="Frange">P. Frange</name>
<name sortKey="Grimaud, M" sort="Grimaud, M" uniqKey="Grimaud M" first="M" last="Grimaud">M. Grimaud</name>
<name sortKey="Heilbronner, C" sort="Heilbronner, C" uniqKey="Heilbronner C" first="C" last="Heilbronner">C. Heilbronner</name>
<name sortKey="Lesage, F" sort="Lesage, F" uniqKey="Lesage F" first="F" last="Lesage">F. Lesage</name>
<name sortKey="Moulin, F" sort="Moulin, F" uniqKey="Moulin F" first="F" last="Moulin">F. Moulin</name>
<name sortKey="Pinhas, Y" sort="Pinhas, Y" uniqKey="Pinhas Y" first="Y" last="Pinhas">Y. Pinhas</name>
<name sortKey="Renolleau, S" sort="Renolleau, S" uniqKey="Renolleau S" first="S" last="Renolleau">S. Renolleau</name>
<name sortKey="Salvador, E" sort="Salvador, E" uniqKey="Salvador E" first="E" last="Salvador">E. Salvador</name>
<name sortKey="Toubiana, J" sort="Toubiana, J" uniqKey="Toubiana J" first="J" last="Toubiana">J. Toubiana</name>
<name sortKey="Vedrenne, M" sort="Vedrenne, M" uniqKey="Vedrenne M" first="M" last="Vedrenne">M. Vedrenne</name>
</country>
</tree>
</affiliations>
</record>

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	Serveur d'exploration sur la COVID en France
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Severe and fatal forms of COVID-19 in children.

Severe and fatal forms of COVID-19 in children.

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